types of farmed shrimp, suitable conditions for growth and breeding, as well as their natural ecosystems have been investigated in this article. For years, some of these species have not been economically unaffordable for breeding, and as a result, they have been removed from the breeding system.
p.chinensis
The main distribution of this species is in China and its highest density is in the Yellow Sea. During the period of their growth and development, they have a wide migration. Breeders of this species migrate to the north in the spring due to better environmental conditions for reproduction, and their children migrate to the south in the fall due to the abundance of food. Chinese shrimp is one of the most important farmed species in the world. Although nearly 100% breeding of this species is done in China, but due to having favorable conditions that the best breeding temperature is between 16-18 degrees Celsius and the best breeding salinity which is between 11-61 ppt, breeding in the waters of our country including The Caspian Sea is possible Of course, in the past years, this species was also imported, but it was abandoned due to the lack of proper expertise.
p.indicus
اThis species has been the first breed in Iran in previous years, but it is not very important at the world level due to its small size and less resistance and growth. The global distribution of this species is from northern Australia and southeast Asia to the Indian Ocean, the Persian Gulf, the Sea of Oman, and the eastern coast of Africa. This species has a translucent body and its color is pale pink to milky yellow. It has large antennae that are the same color as the body and are one of the identification indicators of this species. They have little resistance in cultivation and transfer. In addition, its skin spoils quickly. The most suitable temperature for growing it is 20-23 degrees Celsius and the best salinity is 40 ppt. This species has the highest density in Jask region in Iran and larvae can be easily obtained from this region.
p.merguiensis
This species looks very similar to Indian shrimp. With the difference that red and brown spots can be seen on the body, which makes it look like a ripe banana. They are usually present in coastal areas up to a depth of 55 meters, but the highest density is at a depth of 20 meters. It is one of the best and most delicious types of shrimp in the world. This shrimp is the main species of Hormozgan province. The best growing temperature is 25-32 and 15-33 ppt salinity. Its global distribution is from the waters of the Maldives to the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman.
p.semisulcatus
This shrimp was the first species that was tried for breeding in Iran, but it was not very successful. Because it is not a suitable species for breeding. However, this species accounts for a lot of catch in the world. It can be found in coastal areas up to a depth of 130 meters, but its highest concentration is at a depth of 60 meters. In terms of appearance, it is similar to the Indian white shrimp, but it is a little pinker and has colored bands on the body and rostrum. Its global range is similar to the Indian species, with the difference that this species entered the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal.
p.japonicus
This species is one of the most beautiful edible shrimps. Its body color is a mixture of blue, brown and green. It is one of the 3 species that has colored bands on its body. This species is found in shallow areas up to a depth of nearly 90 meters. In terms of distribution, it is similar to Indian shrimp, with the difference that the closer we get to the west, the density of this shrimp decreases. The best growing temperature is 18-28 degrees Celsius and 34.5-45 ppt salinity.
p.monodon
This species is one of the 3 species of farmed shrimp It has colored bands on the body. This species is one of the most important breeding species in the world. Proper growth, high resistance to diseases and tolerance to different biological conditions have made it a good example for breeding. But despite these merits, due to its ugly appearance, it does not have a high price in the market. The body color of this species is dark brown, black or muddy green. This shrimp can be seen from coastal areas up to a depth of 150 meters and its highest density is at a depth of 60 meters. Its main distribution is similar to Japanese shrimp. In the breeding system, it reaches a weight of 150 grams, but it has been caught up to 600 grams in natural waters. The best breeding temperature is 24-34 degrees Celsius and the best salinity is 25-5 ppt.
p.vannamei
It is one of the most important types of farmed shrimp, whose natural distribution is in the Eastern Atlantic and from Mexico to Peru. Due to the high potential of this species in tolerating different conditions, as well as the high growth rate and suitable appearance, a wide approach to its cultivation is observed in the world. The best growing temperature is ppt 26-33 and salinity 5-35. Currently, Vanami shrimp is the only cultured species in Iran. More information about this species is provided in the shrimp sales section.
